Criminal Threats to Maritime Security

Erdem ASIL ( Cumhuriyet Savcısı )

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ÖNSÖZ . 5

PREFACE. 9

TABLE OF CONTENTS  13

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. 15

INTRODUCTION 19

SUBJECT MATTER, AIM AND QUESTIONS 19

SCOPE AND STRUCTURE 21

APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY24

MARITIME SECURITY 24

OVERVIEW .24

LEGAL SCOPE .27

FREEDOM OF THE SEAS UNDER MARITIME SECURITY CONCERNS.31

Overview 31

Legal Scope 35

14 Table of Contents

CRIMINAL THREATS JEOPARDISING MARITIME SECURITY 38

OVERVIEW .38

LEGAL SCOPE .42

TYPES .45

Threats to Mobility at Sea45

Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships .46

Maritime Terrorism.59

Threats to the Border and Customs Security.70

Drug Trafficking.70

Illicit Trafficking in Arms and Weapons of Mass

Destruction .78

Smuggling and Trafficking of Persons by Sea87

Threats to the Maritime Environment and Natural Resources.98

Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported Fishing99

Intentional and Unlawful Damage to the Maritime

Environment .110

CONCLUSION 121

ACADEMIC SOURCES. 125