Non Judicial Divorce as an Alternative Exit from the Marriage Market _{Regulatory and Quantitative Perspective from Türkiye and Germany}

Assoc. Prof. Erman Benli

INTRODUCTION   1

CHAPTER 1

ENTER INTO THE MARRIAGE MARKET

1             Entry Regulations of Marriage Market 3

1.1     Turkey  3

1.1.1             Capacity to marry  4

1.1.1.1    Capacity of judgement 4

1.1.1.2    Age  4

1.1.1.3    Consent of legal representatives for the person of limited  incapacity  5

1.1.2             Marriage impediments  5

1.1.3             Form requirements  7

1.2     Germany  9

1.2.1             Capacity to marry  9

1.2.2             Impediments to marriage  10

1.2.3             Form requirements  10

2             Market Failures in the Marriage Market 11

2.1     Bilateral Monopoly  11

2.2     Externalities  13

2.3     Opportunistic Behavior 14

3             Legal Responses to Market Failures in the Marriage Market 15

3.1     Rights and Obligations of the Spouses in General 15

3.1.1             Rights of spouses  15

3.1.1.1    The right to manage the marital union  15

3.1.1.2    The right to choose shared housing (family dwelling) 16

3.1.1.3    The right to represent the marital union  16

3.1.1.4    The right to choose a job or profession  17

3.1.2             Obligations of spouses  18

3.1.2.1    The obligation to ensure the happiness of the marital union  18

3.1.2.2    The obligation of fidelity  18

3.1.2.3    The obligation of assistance and solidarity  18

3.1.2.4    The obligation to care, educate and supervise children  19

3.1.2.5    The obligation to live together 19

3.1.2.6    The obligation to manage the household  19

3.2     Court Intervention to Marital Union  21

CHAPTER 2

EXIT FROM THE MARRIAGE MARKET

4             Divorce  29

4.1     Principles in Divorce  29

4.1.1             General 29

4.1.2             Fault principle  30

4.1.3             Principle of irretrievable breakdown of the marital union  32

4.1.4             Principle of limited will 32

4.2     Types of Divorce  34

4.2.1             Judicial divorce  34

4.2.1.1    Türkiye  34

4.2.1.1.1            Grounds for divorce  34

4.2.1.1.2            Divorce case  42

4.2.1.1.3            Legal consequences of judicial divorce  43

4.2.1.1.3.1    The legal consequences of judicial divorce for spouses  44

4.2.1.1.3.1.1           Personel consequences  44

4.2.1.1.3.1.2           Financial consequences  45

4.2.1.1.3.2    The consequences of judicial divorce for children  51

4.2.1.2    Germany  52

4.2.1.2.1            Grounds of divorce  52

4.2.1.2.2            Legal consequences of divorce  52

4.2.1.2.2.1    Pension rights adjustment or pension splitting  53

4.2.1.2.2.2    Child custody and personal relationship  56

4.2.1.2.2.3    Maintenance claim after divorce  57

4.2.1.2.2.4    Matrimonial property claims  62

4.2.1.2.2.5    Household effects and the family home  64

4.2.2             Non-judicial divorce  65

CHAPTER 3

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND
REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT

1             Performance of Turkish and German Family Courts in Judicial Divorce Cases  71

2             Regulatory Impact Assessment 77

CONCLUSION   79

APPENDIX A   81

REFERENCES  87