N. Nomer Karaman
ÖNSÖZ .......................................................................................................................................... III
ÖNSÖZ (3. BASKI) ....................................................................................................................... IV
İKİNCİ BASKI İÇİN SUNUŞ ........................................................................................................ V
İKİNCİ BASKI İÇİN SUNUŞ ...................................................................................................... VI
SUNUŞ (1. BASKI) ..................................................................................................................... VII
ÜNİTE 1
TÜRK ALFABESİ .......................................................................................................................................... 1
NASILSINIZ? ................................................................................................................................................ 2
ADINIZ NE? ................................................................................................................................................... 3
İYELİK EKLERİ ............................................................................................................................................ 3
VÜCUDUMUZ ............................................................................................................................................... 7
ÇOĞUL EKLERİ ........................................................................................................................................... 8
İŞARET ZAMİRLERİ .................................................................................................................................. 10
ÜNİTE 2
BULUNMA HALİ ........................................................................................................................................ 14
KİMDE ? ....................................................................................................................................................... 15
NEREDE ? .................................................................................................................................................... 16
SORU EKLERİ ............................................................................................................................................ 17
ZIT (KARŞIT) ANLAMLI KELİMELER .................................................................................................... 20
KAÇ? ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
SAYILAR ..................................................................................................................................................... 22
SIRA SAYI SIFATLARI ............................................................................................................................. 23
-ci Eki .................................................................................................................................................... 24
BELİRTİLİ İSİM TAMLAMALARI ............................................................................................................ 25
BELİRTİSİZ İSİM TAMLAMALARI ......................................................................................................... 27
YER EDATLARI .......................................................................................................................................... 30
-lı, -li, -lu, -lü....................................................................................................................................... 33
-sız, -siz, -suz, -süz .............................................................................................................................. 33
ÜNİTE 3
İSİM CÜMLELERİ (İMEK FİİL)................................................................................................................. 35
NERELİSİNİZ ? ............................................................................................................................................ 39
HÂL (DURUM) EKLERİ ............................................................................................................................. 43
ZAMİRLER .................................................................................................................................................. 44
ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN ....................................................................................................................................... 44
SAAT KAÇ? ................................................................................................................................................. 59
İLGİ ZAMİRİ (-ki) ........................................................................................................................................ 64
DÖNÜŞLÜLÜK ZAMİRLERİ ..................................................................................................................... 66
-den, -dan, -ten, -tan beri ........................................................................................................................ 67
KARŞILAŞTIRMALAR............................................................................................................................... 68
-den daha ............................................................................................................................................... 68
İLE ............................................................................................................................................................... 69
-makta, -mekte ..................................................................................................................................... 77
ORTA HECE SESLİSİNİN DÜŞMESİ ....................................................................................................... 78
ÜNİTE 4
-di'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN ............................................................................................................................... 79
İMEK FİİLİNİN -di'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMANI .................................................................................................. 92
-miş'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN .......................................................................................................................... 100
İMEK FİİLİNİN -miş'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMANI ............................................................................................. 101
-ce (-ca, -çe, -ça) eki ........................................................................................................................... 108
BAĞLAÇLAR ........................................................................................................................................... 110
hem ….. hem (de) ............................................................................................................................... 110
ne ….. ne ............................................................................................................................................ 111
ya ... ya (ya da) ................................................................................................................................... 112
de ….. de …. ....................................................................................................................................... 113
-e kadar ............................................................................................................................................... 114
GİBİ .......................................................................................................................................................... 115
ki ........................................................................................................................................................ 116
ÜNİTE 5
GELECEK ZAMAN .................................................................................................................................. 120
-lık (-lik, -luk, -lük) eki ...................................................................................................................... 134
HİÇ ............................................................................................................................................................. 135
ÜNİTE 6
GENİŞ ZAMAN ........................................................................................................................................ 136
-cık (-cik, -cuk, -cük) Eki .................................................................................................................... 152
BAĞ-FİİLLER I ......................................................................................................................................... 154
-(y)-ıp -ip, -up, -üp .............................................................................................................................. 154
-(y)arak, -erek ..................................................................................................................................... 157
-(y)a ... -a / -e … -e ............................................................................................................................. 157
-dikten sonra /-tikten sonra ................................................................................................................. 159
-madan, -meden .................................................................................................................................. 161
-madan, -meden önce .......................................................................................................................... 163
-durmadan / -durmaksızın ................................................................................................................. 164
-mak /-mek için ................................................................................................................................... 165
-dığı / -diği için ................................................................................................................................... 166
-acağı /-eceği için ................................................................................................................................ 167
-casına, -cesine / -ecek gibi ................................................................................................................. 168
Yüzünden ............................................................................................................................................ 169
Sayende ............................................................................................................................................... 169
ÜNİTE 7
EMİR KİPİ ................................................................................................................................................ 170
Sakın! ......................................................................................................................................................... 174
İSTEK KİPİ ................................................................................................................................................ 175
GEREKLİLİK KİPİ ................................................................................................................................... 180
-mak, -mek zorunda ............................................................................................................................... 182
GEREKLİLİK KİPİNİN HİKÂYESİ ......................................................................................................... 184
DİLEK-ŞART KİPİ .................................................................................................................................... 185
İMEK FİİLİ'NİN ŞARTI ............................................................................................................................ 186
KEŞKE ...................................................................................................................................................... 187
GENİŞ ZAMANIN ŞARTI ........................................................................................................................ 188
ŞİMDİKİ ZAMANIN ŞARTI .................................................................................................................... 189
GELECEK ZAMANIN ŞARTI ................................................................................................................. 190
-miş'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMANIN ŞARTI ......................................................................................................... 191
-di'li GEÇMİŞ ZAMANIN ŞARTI ............................................................................................................ 193
DİLEK ŞART'IN HİKÂYESİ .................................................................................................................... 194
PEKİŞTİRME SIFATLARI ....................................................................................................................... 196
ÜLEŞTİRME SAYI SIFATLARI .............................................................................................................. 197
KÜÇÜLTME SIFATLARI ........................................................................................................................ 197
ÜNİTE 8
BİRLEŞİK FİİLLER .................................................................................................................................. 198
YETERLİK FİİLİ ....................................................................................................................................... 198
YETERLİK GENİŞ ZAMAN .................................................................................................................... 198
YETERLİK ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN ................................................................................................................ 201
YETERLİK GELECEK ZAMAN .............................................................................................................. 202
YETERLİK GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN ................................................................................................................. 204
SÜRERLİK FİİLLERİ ............................................................................................................................... 208
TEZLİK FİİLİ ............................................................................................................................................ 210
YARDIMCI FİİLLER ................................................................................................................................ 213
ÜNİTE 9
FİİLİMSİLER ............................................................................................................................................ 215
MASTARLAR (İSİM-FİİLLER) ............................................................................................................... 215
ORTAÇLAR (SIFAT-FİİLLER)................................................................................................................ 222
-acak, -ecek............................................................................................................................................ 225
-dik, dık ................................................................................................................................................ 226
-mış, -miş ............................................................................................................................................... 230
-r, -ir, -ar ve –maz, -mez ....................................................................................................................... 231
BAĞ – FİİLLER II ..................................................................................................................................... 234
-ince, -diği zaman, -diğinde ................................................................................................................ 234
-ken (iken) ........................................................................................................................................... 237
-ir, -ar ... -mez, -maz ........................................................................................................................... 241
-dıkça … -dukça .................................................................................................................................. 243
-eli, -alı > -dığından beri ..................................................................................................................... 246
-a, -e rağmen ...................................................................................................................................... 248
-(y)ecekken, ....................................................................................................................................... 250
-maktansa > -acağına ......................................................................................................................... 250
-maktan, -mekten ................................................................................................................................ 252
diye ..................................................................................................................................................... 253
ÜNİTE 10
FİİL ÇATILARI ......................................................................................................................................... 254
ETTİRGEN FİİLLER ................................................................................................................................ 254
EDİLGEN FİİLLER ................................................................................................................................... 270
İŞTEŞ FİİLLER ......................................................................................................................................... 275
DÖNÜŞLÜ FİİLLER ................................................................................................................................. 277
ÜNİTE 11
BİLEŞİK ZAMANLAR ............................................................................................................................ 280
ŞİMDİKİ ZAMANIN HİKÂYESİ ............................................................................................................. 280
GENİŞ ZAMANIN HİKÂYESİ ................................................................................................................ 282
GELECEK ZAMANIN HİKÂYESİ .......................................................................................................... 285
ŞİMDİKİ ZAMANIN RİVAYETİ ............................................................................................................. 286
GELECEK ZAMANIN RİVAYETİ .......................................................................................................... 288
GENİŞ ZAMANIN RİVAYETİ................................................................................................................. 289
ÖĞRENİLEN GEÇMİŞİN HİKÂYESİ ..................................................................................................... 292
DOLAYLI-DOLAYSIZ CÜMLELER ...................................................................................................... 295
Düz İfadeler .......................................................................................................................................... 295
Emir ve İstek Cümleleri ........................................................................................................................ 301
Soru Cümleleri ...................................................................................................................................... 304
ÜNİTE 12
FİİLDEN İSİM YAPAN İŞLEK EKLER .................................................................................................. 310
EŞ SESLİ -SESTEŞ KELİMELER (ÇOK ANLAMLILIK) ...................................................................... 318
Ancak .................................................................................................................................................... 333
Mademki, Madem ................................................................................................................................. 334
Yalnız .................................................................................................................................................... 335
EŞANLAMLI KELİMELER (SYNONYMOUS WORDS) ..................................................................... 336
Özne / Yüklem İlişkisi ........................................................................................................................ 337
DÜZELTME İŞARETİ (^) ......................................................................................................................... 338
BİRLEŞİK KELİMELERİN (SÖZCÜKLERİN) YAZILIŞI ..................................................................... 339
BAZI DEYİMLER ..................................................................................................................................... 341
TÜRK ATASÖZLERİNDEN SEÇMELER ............................................................................................... 345
NOKTALAMA İŞARETLERİ .................................................................................................................. 357
ÇOK KULLANILAN FİİLLER ................................................................................................................. 358
SÖZLÜK .................................................................................................................................................... 360
KAYNAKÇA ............................................................................................................................................. 401